Linux: community verdicts

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: crypto: algif_aead - Revert to operating out-of-place This mostly reverts commit 72548b093ee3 except for the copying of the associated data. There is no benefit in operating in-place in algif_aead since the source and destination come from different mappings. Get rid of all the complexity added for in-place operation and just copy the AD directly.

A flaw was found in the way the "flags" member of the new pipe buffer structure was lacking proper initialization in copy_page_to_iter_pipe and push_pipe functions in the Linux kernel and could thus contain stale values. An unprivileged local user could use this flaw to write to pages in the page cache backed by read only files and as such escalate their privileges on the system.

In the Linux kernel before 5.1.17, ptrace_link in kernel/ptrace.c mishandles the recording of the credentials of a process that wants to create a ptrace relationship, which allows local users to obtain root access by leveraging certain scenarios with a parent-child process relationship, where a parent drops privileges and calls execve (potentially allowing control by an attacker). One contributing factor is an object lifetime issue (which can also cause a panic). Another contributing factor is incorrect marking of a ptrace relationship as privileged, which is exploitable through (for example) Polkit's pkexec helper with PTRACE_TRACEME. NOTE: SELinux deny_ptrace might be a usable workaround in some environments.

The perf_swevent_init function in kernel/events/core.c in the Linux kernel before 3.8.9 uses an incorrect integer data type, which allows local users to gain privileges via a crafted perf_event_open system call.

An integer overflow flaw was found in the Linux kernel's create_elf_tables() function. An unprivileged local user with access to SUID (or otherwise privileged) binary could use this flaw to escalate their privileges on the system. Kernel versions 2.6.x, 3.10.x and 4.14.x are believed to be vulnerable.

Linux distributions that have not patched their long-term kernels with https://git.kernel.org/linus/a87938b2e246b81b4fb713edb371a9fa3c5c3c86 (committed on April 14, 2015). This kernel vulnerability was fixed in April 2015 by commit a87938b2e246b81b4fb713edb371a9fa3c5c3c86 (backported to Linux 3.10.77 in May 2015), but it was not recognized as a security threat. With CONFIG_ARCH_BINFMT_ELF_RANDOMIZE_PIE enabled, and a normal top-down address allocation strategy, load_elf_binary() will attempt to map a PIE binary into an address range immediately below mm->mmap_base. Unfortunately, load_elf_ binary() does not take account of the need to allocate sufficient space for the entire binary which means that, while the first PT_LOAD segment is mapped below mm->mmap_base, the subsequent PT_LOAD segment(s) end up being mapped above mm->mmap_base into the are that is supposed to be the "gap" between the stack and the binary.

A vulnerability was found in the Linux kernel’s cgroup_release_agent_write in the kernel/cgroup/cgroup-v1.c function. This flaw, under certain circumstances, allows the use of the cgroups v1 release_agent feature to escalate privileges and bypass the namespace isolation unexpectedly.

A possible unauthorized memory access flaw was found in the Linux kernel's cpu_entry_area mapping of X86 CPU data to memory, where a user may guess the location of exception stacks or other important data. Based on the previous CVE-2023-0597, the 'Randomize per-cpu entry area' feature was implemented in /arch/x86/mm/cpu_entry_area.c, which works through the init_cea_offsets() function when KASLR is enabled. However, despite this feature, there is still a risk of per-cpu entry area leaks. This issue could allow a local user to gain access to some important data with memory in an expected location and potentially escalate their privileges on the system.

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: netfilter: nf_conncount: increase the connection clean up limit to 64 After the optimization to only perform one GC per jiffy, a new problem was introduced. If more than 8 new connections are tracked per jiffy the list won't be cleaned up fast enough possibly reaching the limit wrongly. In order to prevent this issue, only skip the GC if it was already triggered during the same jiffy and the increment is lower than the clean up limit. In addition, increase the clean up limit to 64 connections to avoid triggering GC too often and do more effective GCs. This has been tested using a HTTP server and several performance tools while having nft_connlimit/xt_connlimit or OVS limit configured. Output of slowhttptest + OVS limit at 52000 connections: slow HTTP test status on 340th second: initializing: 0 pending: 432 connected: 51998 error: 0 closed: 0 service available: YES

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: RDMA/iwcm: Fix workqueue list corruption by removing work_list The commit e1168f0 ("RDMA/iwcm: Simplify cm_event_handler()") changed the work submission logic to unconditionally call queue_work() with the expectation that queue_work() would have no effect if work was already pending. The problem is that a free list of struct iwcm_work is used (for which struct work_struct is embedded), so each call to queue_work() is basically unique and therefore does indeed queue the work. This causes a problem in the work handler which walks the work_list until it's empty to process entries. This means that a single run of the work handler could process item N+1 and release it back to the free list while the actual workqueue entry is still queued. It could then get reused (INIT_WORK...) and lead to list corruption in the workqueue logic. Fix this by just removing the work_list. The workqueue already does this for us. This fixes the following error that was observed when stress testing with ucmatose on an Intel E830 in iWARP mode: [ 151.465780] list_del corruption. next->prev should be ffff9f0915c69c08, but was ffff9f0a1116be08. (next=ffff9f0a15b11c08) [ 151.466639] ------------[ cut here ]------------ [ 151.466986] kernel BUG at lib/list_debug.c:67! [ 151.467349] Oops: invalid opcode: 0000 [#1] SMP NOPTI [ 151.467753] CPU: 14 UID: 0 PID: 2306 Comm: kworker/u64:18 Not tainted 6.19.0-rc4+ #1 PREEMPT(voluntary) [ 151.468466] Hardware name: QEMU Ubuntu 24.04 PC (i440FX + PIIX, 1996), BIOS 1.16.3-debian-1.16.3-2 04/01/2014 [ 151.469192] Workqueue: 0x0 (iw_cm_wq) [ 151.469478] RIP: 0010:__list_del_entry_valid_or_report+0xf0/0x100 [ 151.469942] Code: c7 58 5f 4c b2 e8 10 50 aa ff 0f 0b 48 89 ef e8 36 57 cb ff 48 8b 55 08 48 89 e9 48 89 de 48 c7 c7 a8 5f 4c b2 e8 f0 4f aa ff <0f> 0b 66 2e 0f 1f 84 00 00 00 00 00 0f 1f 40 00 90 90 90 90 90 90 [ 151.471323] RSP: 0000:ffffb15644e7bd68 EFLAGS: 00010046 [ 151.471712] RAX: 000000000000006d RBX: ffff9f0915c69c08 RCX: 0000000000000027 [ 151.472243] RDX: 0000000000000000 RSI: 0000000000000000 RDI: ffff9f0a37d9c600 [ 151.472768] RBP: ffff9f0a15b11c08 R08: 0000000000000000 R09: c0000000ffff7fff [ 151.473294] R10: 0000000000000001 R11: ffffb15644e7bba8 R12: ffff9f092339ee68 [ 151.473817] R13: ffff9f0900059c28 R14: ffff9f092339ee78 R15: 0000000000000000 [ 151.474344] FS: 0000000000000000(0000) GS:ffff9f0a847b5000(0000) knlGS:0000000000000000 [ 151.474934] CS: 0010 DS: 0000 ES: 0000 CR0: 0000000080050033 [ 151.475362] CR2: 0000559e233a9088 CR3: 000000020296b004 CR4: 0000000000770ef0 [ 151.475895] PKRU: 55555554 [ 151.476118] Call Trace: [ 151.476331] <TASK> [ 151.476497] move_linked_works+0x49/0xa0 [ 151.476792] __pwq_activate_work.isra.46+0x2f/0xa0 [ 151.477151] pwq_dec_nr_in_flight+0x1e0/0x2f0 [ 151.477479] process_scheduled_works+0x1c8/0x410 [ 151.477823] worker_thread+0x125/0x260 [ 151.478108] ? __pfx_worker_thread+0x10/0x10 [ 151.478430] kthread+0xfe/0x240 [ 151.478671] ? __pfx_kthread+0x10/0x10 [ 151.478955] ? __pfx_kthread+0x10/0x10 [ 151.479240] ret_from_fork+0x208/0x270 [ 151.479523] ? __pfx_kthread+0x10/0x10 [ 151.479806] ret_from_fork_asm+0x1a/0x30 [ 151.480103] </TASK>

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: netfilter: nfnetlink_queue: do shared-unconfirmed check before segmentation Ulrich reports a regression with nfqueue: If an application did not set the 'F_GSO' capability flag and a gso packet with an unconfirmed nf_conn entry is received all packets are now dropped instead of queued, because the check happens after skb_gso_segment(). In that case, we did have exclusive ownership of the skb and its associated conntrack entry. The elevated use count is due to skb_clone happening via skb_gso_segment(). Move the check so that its peformed vs. the aggregated packet. Then, annotate the individual segments except the first one so we can do a 2nd check at reinject time. For the normal case, where userspace does in-order reinjects, this avoids packet drops: first reinjected segment continues traversal and confirms entry, remaining segments observe the confirmed entry. While at it, simplify nf_ct_drop_unconfirmed(): We only care about unconfirmed entries with a refcnt > 1, there is no need to special-case dying entries. This only happens with UDP. With TCP, the only unconfirmed packet will be the TCP SYN, those aren't aggregated by GRO. Next patch adds a udpgro test case to cover this scenario.

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: crypto: pcrypt - Fix handling of MAY_BACKLOG requests MAY_BACKLOG requests can return EBUSY. Handle them by checking for that value and filtering out EINPROGRESS notifications.

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: net: strparser: fix skb_head leak in strp_abort_strp() When the stream parser is aborted, for example after a message assembly timeout, it can still hold a reference to a partially assembled message in strp->skb_head. That skb is not released in strp_abort_strp(), which leaks the partially assembled message and can be triggered repeatedly to exhaust memory. Fix this by freeing strp->skb_head and resetting the parser state in the abort path. Leave strp_stop() unchanged so final cleanup still happens in strp_done() after the work and timer have been synchronized.

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: net: ipv6: fix NOREF dst use in seg6 and rpl lwtunnels seg6_input_core() and rpl_input() call ip6_route_input() which sets a NOREF dst on the skb, then pass it to dst_cache_set_ip6() invoking dst_hold() unconditionally. On PREEMPT_RT, ksoftirqd is preemptible and a higher-priority task can release the underlying pcpu_rt between the lookup and the caching through a concurrent FIB lookup on a shared nexthop. Simplified race sequence: ksoftirqd/X higher-prio task (same CPU X) ----------- -------------------------------- seg6_input_core(,skb)/rpl_input(skb) dst_cache_get() -> miss ip6_route_input(skb) -> ip6_pol_route(,skb,flags) [RT6_LOOKUP_F_DST_NOREF in flags] -> FIB lookup resolves fib6_nh [nhid=N route] -> rt6_make_pcpu_route() [creates pcpu_rt, refcount=1] pcpu_rt->sernum = fib6_sernum [fib6_sernum=W] -> cmpxchg(fib6_nh.rt6i_pcpu, NULL, pcpu_rt) [slot was empty, store succeeds] -> skb_dst_set_noref(skb, dst) [dst is pcpu_rt, refcount still 1] rt_genid_bump_ipv6() -> bumps fib6_sernum [fib6_sernum from W to Z] ip6_route_output() -> ip6_pol_route() -> FIB lookup resolves fib6_nh [nhid=N] -> rt6_get_pcpu_route() pcpu_rt->sernum != fib6_sernum [W <> Z, stale] -> prev = xchg(rt6i_pcpu, NULL) -> dst_release(prev) [prev is pcpu_rt, refcount 1->0, dead] dst = skb_dst(skb) [dst is the dead pcpu_rt] dst_cache_set_ip6(dst) -> dst_hold() on dead dst -> WARN / use-after-free For the race to occur, ksoftirqd must be preemptible (PREEMPT_RT without PREEMPT_RT_NEEDS_BH_LOCK) and a concurrent task must be able to release the pcpu_rt. Shared nexthop objects provide such a path, as two routes pointing to the same nhid share the same fib6_nh and its rt6i_pcpu entry. Fix seg6_input_core() and rpl_input() by calling skb_dst_force() after ip6_route_input() to force the NOREF dst into a refcounted one before caching. The output path is not affected as ip6_route_output() already returns a refcounted dst.

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: ksmbd: validate inherited ACE SID length smb_inherit_dacl() walks the parent directory DACL loaded from the security descriptor xattr. It verifies that each ACE contains the fixed SID header before using it, but does not verify that the variable-length SID described by sid.num_subauth is fully contained in the ACE. A malformed inheritable ACE can advertise more subauthorities than are present in the ACE. compare_sids() may then read past the ACE. smb_set_ace() also clamps the copied destination SID, but used the unchecked source SID count to compute the inherited ACE size. That could advance the temporary inherited ACE buffer pointer and nt_size accounting past the allocated buffer. Fix this by validating the parent ACE SID count and SID length before using the SID during inheritance. Compute the inherited ACE size from the copied SID so the size matches the bounded destination SID. Reject the inherited DACL if size accumulation would overflow smb_acl.size or the security descriptor allocation size.

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: slip: bound decode() reads against the compressed packet length slhc_uncompress() parses a VJ-compressed TCP header by advancing a pointer through the packet via decode() and pull16(). Neither helper bounds-checks against isize, and decode() masks its return with & 0xffff so it can never return the -1 that callers test for -- those error paths are dead code. A short compressed frame whose change byte requests optional fields lets decode() read past the end of the packet. The over-read bytes are folded into the cached cstate and reflected into subsequent reconstructed packets. Make decode() and pull16() take the packet end pointer and return -1 when exhausted. Add a bounds check before the TCP-checksum read. The existing == -1 tests now do what they were always meant to.

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: fs/xattr: missing fdput() in fremovexattr error path In the Linux kernel, the fremovexattr() syscall calls fdget() to acquire a file reference but returns early without calling fdput() when strncpy_from_user() fails on the name argument. In multi-threaded processes where fdget() takes the slow path, this permanently leaks one file reference per call, pinning the struct file and associated kernel objects in memory. An unprivileged local user can exploit this to cause kernel memory exhaustion. The issue was inadvertently fixed by commit a71874379ec8 ("xattr: switch to CLASS(fd)").

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: net: qrtr: ns: Limit the maximum server registration per node Current code does no bound checking on the number of servers added per node. A malicious client can flood NEW_SERVER messages and exhaust memory. Fix this issue by limiting the maximum number of server registrations to 256 per node. If the NEW_SERVER message is received for an old port, then don't restrict it as it will get replaced. While at it, also rate limit the error messages in the failure path of qrtr_ns_worker(). Note that the limit of 256 is chosen based on the current platform requirements. If requirement changes in the future, this limit can be increased.

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: openvswitch: cap upcall PID array size and pre-size vport replies The vport netlink reply helpers allocate a fixed-size skb with nlmsg_new(NLMSG_DEFAULT_SIZE, ...) but serialize the full upcall PID array via ovs_vport_get_upcall_portids(). Since ovs_vport_set_upcall_portids() accepts any non-zero multiple of sizeof(u32) with no upper bound, a CAP_NET_ADMIN user can install a PID array large enough to overflow the reply buffer, causing nla_put() to fail with -EMSGSIZE and hitting BUG_ON(err < 0). On systems with unprivileged user namespaces enabled (e.g., Ubuntu default), this is reachable via unshare -Urn since OVS vport mutation operations use GENL_UNS_ADMIN_PERM. kernel BUG at net/openvswitch/datapath.c:2414! Oops: invalid opcode: 0000 [#1] SMP KASAN NOPTI CPU: 1 UID: 0 PID: 65 Comm: poc Not tainted 7.0.0-rc7-00195-geb216e422044 #1 RIP: 0010:ovs_vport_cmd_set+0x34c/0x400 Call Trace: <TASK> genl_family_rcv_msg_doit (net/netlink/genetlink.c:1116) genl_rcv_msg (net/netlink/genetlink.c:1194) netlink_rcv_skb (net/netlink/af_netlink.c:2550) genl_rcv (net/netlink/genetlink.c:1219) netlink_unicast (net/netlink/af_netlink.c:1344) netlink_sendmsg (net/netlink/af_netlink.c:1894) __sys_sendto (net/socket.c:2206) __x64_sys_sendto (net/socket.c:2209) do_syscall_64 (arch/x86/entry/syscall_64.c:63) entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe (arch/x86/entry/entry_64.S:130) </TASK> Kernel panic - not syncing: Fatal exception Reject attempts to set more PIDs than nr_cpu_ids in ovs_vport_set_upcall_portids(), and pre-compute the worst-case reply size in ovs_vport_cmd_msg_size() based on that bound, similar to the existing ovs_dp_cmd_msg_size(). nr_cpu_ids matches the cap already used by the per-CPU dispatch configuration on the datapath side (ovs_dp_cmd_fill_info() serialises at most nr_cpu_ids PIDs), so the two sides stay consistent.

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: drm/amdkfd: Fix watch_id bounds checking in debug address watch v2 The address watch clear code receives watch_id as an unsigned value (u32), but some helper functions were using a signed int and checked bits by shifting with watch_id. If a very large watch_id is passed from userspace, it can be converted to a negative value. This can cause invalid shifts and may access memory outside the watch_points array. drm/amdkfd: Fix watch_id bounds checking in debug address watch v2 Fix this by checking that watch_id is within MAX_WATCH_ADDRESSES before using it. Also use BIT(watch_id) to test and clear bits safely. This keeps the behavior unchanged for valid watch IDs and avoids undefined behavior for invalid ones. Fixes the below: drivers/gpu/drm/amd/amdgpu/../amdkfd/kfd_debug.c:448 kfd_dbg_trap_clear_dev_address_watch() error: buffer overflow 'pdd->watch_points' 4 <= u32max user_rl='0-3,2147483648-u32max' uncapped drivers/gpu/drm/amd/amdgpu/../amdkfd/kfd_debug.c 433 int kfd_dbg_trap_clear_dev_address_watch(struct kfd_process_device *pdd, 434 uint32_t watch_id) 435 { 436 int r; 437 438 if (!kfd_dbg_owns_dev_watch_id(pdd, watch_id)) kfd_dbg_owns_dev_watch_id() doesn't check for negative values so if watch_id is larger than INT_MAX it leads to a buffer overflow. (Negative shifts are undefined). 439 return -EINVAL; 440 441 if (!pdd->dev->kfd->shared_resources.enable_mes) { 442 r = debug_lock_and_unmap(pdd->dev->dqm); 443 if (r) 444 return r; 445 } 446 447 amdgpu_gfx_off_ctrl(pdd->dev->adev, false); --> 448 pdd->watch_points[watch_id] = pdd->dev->kfd2kgd->clear_address_watch( 449 pdd->dev->adev, 450 watch_id); v2: (as per, Jonathan Kim) - Add early watch_id >= MAX_WATCH_ADDRESSES validation in the set path to match the clear path. - Drop the redundant bounds check in kfd_dbg_owns_dev_watch_id().

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: Bluetooth: L2CAP: Fix null-ptr-deref in l2cap_sock_new_connection_cb() Add the same NULL guard already present in l2cap_sock_resume_cb() and l2cap_sock_ready_cb().

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: Bluetooth: L2CAP: Fix null-ptr-deref in l2cap_sock_state_change_cb() Add the same NULL guard already present in l2cap_sock_resume_cb() and l2cap_sock_ready_cb().

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: RDMA/rxe: Fix double free in rxe_srq_from_init In rxe_srq_from_init(), the queue pointer 'q' is assigned to 'srq->rq.queue' before copying the SRQ number to user space. If copy_to_user() fails, the function calls rxe_queue_cleanup() to free the queue, but leaves the now-invalid pointer in 'srq->rq.queue'. The caller of rxe_srq_from_init() (rxe_create_srq) eventually calls rxe_srq_cleanup() upon receiving the error, which triggers a second rxe_queue_cleanup() on the same memory, leading to a double free. The call trace looks like this: kmem_cache_free+0x.../0x... rxe_queue_cleanup+0x1a/0x30 [rdma_rxe] rxe_srq_cleanup+0x42/0x60 [rdma_rxe] rxe_elem_release+0x31/0x70 [rdma_rxe] rxe_create_srq+0x12b/0x1a0 [rdma_rxe] ib_create_srq_user+0x9a/0x150 [ib_core] Fix this by moving 'srq->rq.queue = q' after copy_to_user.

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: scsi: smartpqi: Fix memory leak in pqi_report_phys_luns() pqi_report_phys_luns() fails to release the rpl_list buffer when encountering an unsupported data format or when the allocation for rpl_16byte_wwid_list fails. These early returns bypass the cleanup logic, leading to memory leaks. Consolidate the error handling by adding an out_free_rpl_list label and use goto statements to ensure rpl_list is consistently freed on failure. Compile tested only. Issue found using a prototype static analysis tool and code review.

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: mfd: arizona: Fix regulator resource leak on wm5102_clear_write_sequencer() failure The wm5102_clear_write_sequencer() helper may return an error and just return, bypassing the cleanup sequence and causing regulators to remain enabled, leading to a resource leak. Change the direct return to jump to the err_reset label to properly free the resources.

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: slip: reject VJ receive packets on instances with no rstate array slhc_init() accepts rslots == 0 as a valid configuration, with the documented meaning of 'no receive compression'. In that case the allocation loop in slhc_init() is skipped, so comp->rstate stays NULL and comp->rslot_limit stays 0 (from the kzalloc of struct slcompress). The receive helpers do not defend against that configuration. slhc_uncompress() dereferences comp->rstate[x] when the VJ header carries an explicit connection ID, and slhc_remember() later assigns cs = &comp->rstate[...] after only comparing the packet's slot number to comp->rslot_limit. Because rslot_limit is 0, slot 0 passes the range check, and the code dereferences a NULL rstate. The configuration is reachable in-tree through PPP. PPPIOCSMAXCID stores its argument in a signed int, and (val >> 16) uses arithmetic shift. Passing 0xffff0000 therefore sign-extends to -1, so val2 + 1 is 0 and ppp_generic.c ends up calling slhc_init(0, 1). Because /dev/ppp open is gated by ns_capable(CAP_NET_ADMIN), the whole path is reachable from an unprivileged user namespace. Once the malformed VJ state is installed, any inbound VJ-compressed or VJ-uncompressed frame that selects slot 0 crashes the kernel in softirq context: Oops: general protection fault, probably for non-canonical address 0xdffffc0000000000: 0000 [#1] SMP KASAN NOPTI KASAN: null-ptr-deref in range [0x0000000000000000-0x0000000000000007] RIP: 0010:slhc_uncompress (drivers/net/slip/slhc.c:519) Call Trace: <TASK> ppp_receive_nonmp_frame (drivers/net/ppp/ppp_generic.c:2466) ppp_input (drivers/net/ppp/ppp_generic.c:2359) ppp_async_process (drivers/net/ppp/ppp_async.c:492) tasklet_action_common (kernel/softirq.c:926) handle_softirqs (kernel/softirq.c:623) run_ksoftirqd (kernel/softirq.c:1055) smpboot_thread_fn (kernel/smpboot.c:160) kthread (kernel/kthread.c:436) ret_from_fork (arch/x86/kernel/process.c:164) </TASK> Reject the receive side on such instances instead of touching rstate. slhc_uncompress() falls through to its existing 'bad' label, which bumps sls_i_error and enters the toss state. slhc_remember() mirrors that with an explicit sls_i_error increment followed by slhc_toss(); the sls_i_runt counter is not used here because a missing rstate is an internal configuration state, not a runt packet. The transmit path is unaffected: the only in-tree caller that picks rslots from userspace (ppp_generic.c) still supplies tslots >= 1, and slip.c always calls slhc_init(16, 16), so comp->tstate remains valid and slhc_compress() continues to work.

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: power: supply: act8945a: Fix use-after-free in power_supply_changed() Using the `devm_` variant for requesting IRQ _before_ the `devm_` variant for allocating/registering the `power_supply` handle, means that the `power_supply` handle will be deallocated/unregistered _before_ the interrupt handler (since `devm_` naturally deallocates in reverse allocation order). This means that during removal, there is a race condition where an interrupt can fire just _after_ the `power_supply` handle has been freed, *but* just _before_ the corresponding unregistration of the IRQ handler has run. This will lead to the IRQ handler calling `power_supply_changed()` with a freed `power_supply` handle. Which usually crashes the system or otherwise silently corrupts the memory... Note that there is a similar situation which can also happen during `probe()`; the possibility of an interrupt firing _before_ registering the `power_supply` handle. This would then lead to the nasty situation of using the `power_supply` handle *uninitialized* in `power_supply_changed()`. Fix this racy use-after-free by making sure the IRQ is requested _after_ the registration of the `power_supply` handle.

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: RDMA/uverbs: Validate wqe_size before using it in ib_uverbs_post_send ib_uverbs_post_send() uses cmd.wqe_size from userspace without any validation before passing it to kmalloc() and using the allocated buffer as struct ib_uverbs_send_wr. If a user provides a small wqe_size value (e.g., 1), kmalloc() will succeed, but subsequent accesses to user_wr->opcode, user_wr->num_sge, and other fields will read beyond the allocated buffer, resulting in an out-of-bounds read from kernel heap memory. This could potentially leak sensitive kernel information to userspace. Additionally, providing an excessively large wqe_size can trigger a WARNING in the memory allocation path, as reported by syzkaller. This is inconsistent with ib_uverbs_unmarshall_recv() which properly validates that wqe_size >= sizeof(struct ib_uverbs_recv_wr) before proceeding. Add the same validation for ib_uverbs_post_send() to ensure wqe_size is at least sizeof(struct ib_uverbs_send_wr).

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: sched_ext: Disable preemption between scx_claim_exit() and kicking helper work scx_claim_exit() atomically sets exit_kind, which prevents scx_error() from triggering further error handling. After claiming exit, the caller must kick the helper kthread work which initiates bypass mode and teardown. If the calling task gets preempted between claiming exit and kicking the helper work, and the BPF scheduler fails to schedule it back (since error handling is now disabled), the helper work is never queued, bypass mode never activates, tasks stop being dispatched, and the system wedges. Disable preemption across scx_claim_exit() and the subsequent work kicking in all callers - scx_disable() and scx_vexit(). Add lockdep_assert_preemption_disabled() to scx_claim_exit() to enforce the requirement.

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: ata: libata-scsi: avoid Non-NCQ command starvation When a non-NCQ command is issued while NCQ commands are being executed, ata_scsi_qc_issue() indicates to the SCSI layer that the command issuing should be deferred by returning SCSI_MLQUEUE_XXX_BUSY. This command deferring is correct and as mandated by the ACS specifications since NCQ and non-NCQ commands cannot be mixed. However, in the case of a host adapter using multiple submission queues, when the target device is under a constant load of NCQ commands, there are no guarantees that requeueing the non-NCQ command will be executed later and it may be deferred again repeatedly as other submission queues can constantly issue NCQ commands from different CPUs ahead of the non-NCQ command. This can lead to very long delays for the execution of non-NCQ commands, and even complete starvation for these commands in the worst case scenario. Since the block layer and the SCSI layer do not distinguish between queueable (NCQ) and non queueable (non-NCQ) commands, libata-scsi SAT implementation must ensure forward progress for non-NCQ commands in the presence of NCQ command traffic. This is similar to what SAS HBAs with a hardware/firmware based SAT implementation do. Implement such forward progress guarantee by limiting requeueing of non-NCQ commands from ata_scsi_qc_issue(): when a non-NCQ command is received and NCQ commands are in-flight, do not force a requeue of the non-NCQ command by returning SCSI_MLQUEUE_XXX_BUSY and instead return 0 to indicate that the command was accepted but hold on to the qc using the new deferred_qc field of struct ata_port. This deferred qc will be issued using the work item deferred_qc_work running the function ata_scsi_deferred_qc_work() once all in-flight commands complete, which is checked with the port qc_defer() callback return value indicating that no further delay is necessary. This check is done using the helper function ata_scsi_schedule_deferred_qc() which is called from ata_scsi_qc_complete(). This thus excludes this mechanism from all internal non-NCQ commands issued by ATA EH. When a port deferred_qc is non NULL, that is, the port has a command waiting for the device queue to drain, the issuing of all incoming commands (both NCQ and non-NCQ) is deferred using the regular busy mechanism. This simplifies the code and also avoids potential denial of service problems if a user issues too many non-NCQ commands. Finally, whenever ata EH is scheduled, regardless of the reason, a deferred qc is always requeued so that it can be retried once EH completes. This is done by calling the function ata_scsi_requeue_deferred_qc() from ata_eh_set_pending(). This avoids the need for any special processing for the deferred qc in case of NCQ error, link or device reset, or device timeout.

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: drm/amdgpu: Use kvfree instead of kfree in amdgpu_gmc_get_nps_memranges() amdgpu_discovery_get_nps_info() internally allocates memory for ranges using kvcalloc(), which may use vmalloc() for large allocation. Using kfree() to release vmalloc memory will lead to a memory corruption. Use kvfree() to safely handle both kmalloc and vmalloc allocations. Compile tested only. Issue found using a prototype static analysis tool and code review.

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: tpm: st33zp24: Fix missing cleanup on get_burstcount() error get_burstcount() can return -EBUSY on timeout. When this happens, st33zp24_send() returns directly without releasing the locality acquired earlier. Use goto out_err to ensure proper cleanup when get_burstcount() fails.

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: mtd: intel-dg: Fix accessing regions before setting nregions The regions array is counted by nregions, but it's set only after accessing it: [] UBSAN: array-index-out-of-bounds in drivers/mtd/devices/mtd_intel_dg.c:750:15 [] index 0 is out of range for type '<unknown> [*]' Fix it by also fixing an undesired behavior: the loop silently ignores ENOMEM and continues setting the other entries.

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: bpf: reject negative CO-RE accessor indices in bpf_core_parse_spec() CO-RE accessor strings are colon-separated indices that describe a path from a root BTF type to a target field, e.g. "0:1:2" walks through nested struct members. bpf_core_parse_spec() parses each component with sscanf("%d"), so negative values like -1 are silently accepted. The subsequent bounds checks (access_idx >= btf_vlen(t)) only guard the upper bound and always pass for negative values because C integer promotion converts the __u16 btf_vlen result to int, making the comparison (int)(-1) >= (int)(N) false for any positive N. When -1 reaches btf_member_bit_offset() it gets cast to u32 0xffffffff, producing an out-of-bounds read far past the members array. A crafted BPF program with a negative CO-RE accessor on any struct that exists in vmlinux BTF (e.g. task_struct) crashes the kernel deterministically during BPF_PROG_LOAD on any system with CONFIG_DEBUG_INFO_BTF=y (default on major distributions). The bug is reachable with CAP_BPF: BUG: unable to handle page fault for address: ffffed11818b6626 #PF: supervisor read access in kernel mode #PF: error_code(0x0000) - not-present page Oops: Oops: 0000 [#1] SMP KASAN NOPTI CPU: 0 UID: 0 PID: 85 Comm: poc Not tainted 7.0.0-rc6 #18 PREEMPT(full) RIP: 0010:bpf_core_parse_spec (tools/lib/bpf/relo_core.c:354) RAX: 00000000ffffffff Call Trace: <TASK> bpf_core_calc_relo_insn (tools/lib/bpf/relo_core.c:1321) bpf_core_apply (kernel/bpf/btf.c:9507) check_core_relo (kernel/bpf/verifier.c:19475) bpf_check (kernel/bpf/verifier.c:26031) bpf_prog_load (kernel/bpf/syscall.c:3089) __sys_bpf (kernel/bpf/syscall.c:6228) </TASK> CO-RE accessor indices are inherently non-negative (struct member index, array element index, or enumerator index), so reject them immediately after parsing.

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: mmc: core: Avoid bitfield RMW for claim/retune flags Move claimed and retune control flags out of the bitfield word to avoid unrelated RMW side effects in asynchronous contexts. The host->claimed bit shared a word with retune flags. Writes to claimed in __mmc_claim_host() or retune_now in mmc_mq_queue_rq() can overwrite other bits when concurrent updates happen in other contexts, triggering spurious WARN_ON(!host->claimed). Convert claimed, can_retune, retune_now and retune_paused to bool to remove shared-word coupling.

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: power: supply: cpcap-battery: Fix use-after-free in power_supply_changed() Using the `devm_` variant for requesting IRQ _before_ the `devm_` variant for allocating/registering the `power_supply` handle, means that the `power_supply` handle will be deallocated/unregistered _before_ the interrupt handler (since `devm_` naturally deallocates in reverse allocation order). This means that during removal, there is a race condition where an interrupt can fire just _after_ the `power_supply` handle has been freed, *but* just _before_ the corresponding unregistration of the IRQ handler has run. This will lead to the IRQ handler calling `power_supply_changed()` with a freed `power_supply` handle. Which usually crashes the system or otherwise silently corrupts the memory... Note that there is a similar situation which can also happen during `probe()`; the possibility of an interrupt firing _before_ registering the `power_supply` handle. This would then lead to the nasty situation of using the `power_supply` handle *uninitialized* in `power_supply_changed()`. Fix this racy use-after-free by making sure the IRQ is requested _after_ the registration of the `power_supply` handle.

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: power: supply: bq25980: Fix use-after-free in power_supply_changed() Using the `devm_` variant for requesting IRQ _before_ the `devm_` variant for allocating/registering the `power_supply` handle, means that the `power_supply` handle will be deallocated/unregistered _before_ the interrupt handler (since `devm_` naturally deallocates in reverse allocation order). This means that during removal, there is a race condition where an interrupt can fire just _after_ the `power_supply` handle has been freed, *but* just _before_ the corresponding unregistration of the IRQ handler has run. This will lead to the IRQ handler calling `power_supply_changed()` with a freed `power_supply` handle. Which usually crashes the system or otherwise silently corrupts the memory... Note that there is a similar situation which can also happen during `probe()`; the possibility of an interrupt firing _before_ registering the `power_supply` handle. This would then lead to the nasty situation of using the `power_supply` handle *uninitialized* in `power_supply_changed()`. Fix this racy use-after-free by making sure the IRQ is requested _after_ the registration of the `power_supply` handle.

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: serial: caif: fix use-after-free in caif_serial ldisc_close() There is a use-after-free bug in caif_serial where handle_tx() may access ser->tty after the tty has been freed. The race condition occurs between ldisc_close() and packet transmission: CPU 0 (close) CPU 1 (xmit) ------------- ------------ ldisc_close() tty_kref_put(ser->tty) [tty may be freed here] <-- race window --> caif_xmit() handle_tx() tty = ser->tty // dangling ptr tty->ops->write() // UAF! schedule_work() ser_release() unregister_netdevice() The root cause is that tty_kref_put() is called in ldisc_close() while the network device is still active and can receive packets. Since ser and tty have a 1:1 binding relationship with consistent lifecycles (ser is allocated in ldisc_open and freed in ser_release via unregister_netdevice, and each ser binds exactly one tty), we can safely defer the tty reference release to ser_release() where the network device is unregistered. Fix this by moving tty_kref_put() from ldisc_close() to ser_release(), after unregister_netdevice(). This ensures the tty reference is held as long as the network device exists, preventing the UAF. Note: We save ser->tty before unregister_netdevice() because ser is embedded in netdev's private data and will be freed along with netdev (needs_free_netdev = true). How to reproduce: Add mdelay(500) at the beginning of ldisc_close() to widen the race window, then run the reproducer program [1]. Note: There is a separate deadloop issue in handle_tx() when using PORT_UNKNOWN serial ports (e.g., /dev/ttyS3 in QEMU without proper serial backend). This deadloop exists even without this patch, and is likely caused by inconsistency between uart_write_room() and uart_write() in serial core. It has been addressed in a separate patch [2]. KASAN report: ================================================================== BUG: KASAN: slab-use-after-free in handle_tx+0x5d1/0x620 Read of size 1 at addr ffff8881131e1490 by task caif_uaf_trigge/9929 Call Trace: <TASK> dump_stack_lvl+0x10e/0x1f0 print_report+0xd0/0x630 kasan_report+0xe4/0x120 handle_tx+0x5d1/0x620 dev_hard_start_xmit+0x9d/0x6c0 __dev_queue_xmit+0x6e2/0x4410 packet_xmit+0x243/0x360 packet_sendmsg+0x26cf/0x5500 __sys_sendto+0x4a3/0x520 __x64_sys_sendto+0xe0/0x1c0 do_syscall_64+0xc9/0xf80 entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x77/0x7f RIP: 0033:0x7f615df2c0d7 Allocated by task 9930: Freed by task 64: Last potentially related work creation: The buggy address belongs to the object at ffff8881131e1000 which belongs to the cache kmalloc-cg-2k of size 2048 The buggy address is located 1168 bytes inside of freed 2048-byte region [ffff8881131e1000, ffff8881131e1800) The buggy address belongs to the physical page: page_owner tracks the page as allocated page last free pid 9778 tgid 9778 stack trace: Memory state around the buggy address: ffff8881131e1380: fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb ffff8881131e1400: fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb >ffff8881131e1480: fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb ^ ffff8881131e1500: fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb ffff8881131e1580: fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb ================================================================== [1]: https://gist.github.com/mrpre/f683f244544f7b11e7fa87df9e6c2eeb [2]: https://lore.kernel.org/linux-serial/20260204074327.226165-1-jiayuan.chen@linux.dev/T/#u

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: ipvs: skip ipv6 extension headers for csum checks Protocol checksum validation fails for IPv6 if there are extension headers before the protocol header. iph->len already contains its offset, so use it to fix the problem.

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: bpf: Fix bpf_xdp_store_bytes proto for read-only arg While making some maps in Cilium read-only from the BPF side, we noticed that the bpf_xdp_store_bytes proto is incorrect. In particular, the verifier was throwing the following error: ; ret = ctx_store_bytes(ctx, l3_off + offsetof(struct iphdr, saddr), &nat->address, 4, 0); 635: (79) r1 = *(u64 *)(r10 -144) ; R1=ctx() R10=fp0 fp-144=ctx() 636: (b4) w2 = 26 ; R2=26 637: (b4) w4 = 4 ; R4=4 638: (b4) w5 = 0 ; R5=0 639: (85) call bpf_xdp_store_bytes#190 write into map forbidden, value_size=6 off=0 size=4 nat comes from a BPF_F_RDONLY_PROG map, so R3 is a PTR_TO_MAP_VALUE. The verifier checks the helper's memory access to R3 in check_mem_size_reg, as it reaches ARG_CONST_SIZE argument. The third argument has expected type ARG_PTR_TO_UNINIT_MEM, which includes the MEM_WRITE flag. The verifier thus checks for a BPF_WRITE access on R3. Given R3 points to a read-only map, the check fails. Conversely, ARG_PTR_TO_UNINIT_MEM can also lead to the helper reading from uninitialized memory. This patch simply fixes the expected argument type to match that of bpf_skb_store_bytes.

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: power: supply: wm97xx: Fix NULL pointer dereference in power_supply_changed() In `probe()`, `request_irq()` is called before allocating/registering a `power_supply` handle. If an interrupt is fired between the call to `request_irq()` and `power_supply_register()`, the `power_supply` handle will be used uninitialized in `power_supply_changed()` in `wm97xx_bat_update()` (triggered from the interrupt handler). This will lead to a `NULL` pointer dereference since Fix this racy `NULL` pointer dereference by making sure the IRQ is requested _after_ the registration of the `power_supply` handle. Since the IRQ is the last thing requests in the `probe()` now, remove the error path for freeing it. Instead add one for unregistering the `power_supply` handle when IRQ request fails.

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: ext4: drop extent cache when splitting extent fails When the split extent fails, we might leave some extents still being processed and return an error directly, which will result in stale extent entries remaining in the extent status tree. So drop all of the remaining potentially stale extents if the splitting fails.

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: power: supply: pm8916_bms_vm: Fix use-after-free in power_supply_changed() Using the `devm_` variant for requesting IRQ _before_ the `devm_` variant for allocating/registering the `power_supply` handle, means that the `power_supply` handle will be deallocated/unregistered _before_ the interrupt handler (since `devm_` naturally deallocates in reverse allocation order). This means that during removal, there is a race condition where an interrupt can fire just _after_ the `power_supply` handle has been freed, *but* just _before_ the corresponding unregistration of the IRQ handler has run. This will lead to the IRQ handler calling `power_supply_changed()` with a freed `power_supply` handle. Which usually crashes the system or otherwise silently corrupts the memory... Note that there is a similar situation which can also happen during `probe()`; the possibility of an interrupt firing _before_ registering the `power_supply` handle. This would then lead to the nasty situation of using the `power_supply` handle *uninitialized* in `power_supply_changed()`. Fix this racy use-after-free by making sure the IRQ is requested _after_ the registration of the `power_supply` handle.

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: gfs2: Fix slab-use-after-free in qd_put Commit a475c5dd16e5 ("gfs2: Free quota data objects synchronously") started freeing quota data objects during filesystem shutdown instead of putting them back onto the LRU list, but it failed to remove these objects from the LRU list, causing LRU list corruption. This caused use-after-free when the shrinker (gfs2_qd_shrink_scan) tried to access already-freed objects on the LRU list. Fix this by removing qd objects from the LRU list before freeing them in qd_put(). Initial fix from Deepanshu Kartikey <kartikey406@gmail.com>.

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: scsi: csiostor: Fix dereference of null pointer rn The error exit path when rn is NULL ends up deferencing the null pointer rn via the use of the macro CSIO_INC_STATS. Fix this by adding a new error return path label after the use of the macro to avoid the deference.

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: mctp i2c: initialise event handler read bytes Set a 0xff value for i2c reads of an mctp-i2c device. Otherwise reads will return "val" from the i2c bus driver. For i2c-aspeed and i2c-npcm7xx that is a stack uninitialised u8. Tested with "i2ctransfer -y 1 r10@0x34" where 0x34 is a mctp-i2c instance, now it returns all 0xff.

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: fs/ntfs3: prevent infinite loops caused by the next valid being the same When processing valid within the range [valid : pos), if valid cannot be retrieved correctly, for example, if the retrieved valid value is always the same, this can trigger a potential infinite loop, similar to the hung problem reported by syzbot [1]. Adding a check for the valid value within the loop body, and terminating the loop and returning -EINVAL if the value is the same as the current value, can prevent this. [1] INFO: task syz.4.21:6056 blocked for more than 143 seconds. Call Trace: rwbase_write_lock+0x14f/0x750 kernel/locking/rwbase_rt.c:244 inode_lock include/linux/fs.h:1027 [inline] ntfs_file_write_iter+0xe6/0x870 fs/ntfs3/file.c:1284

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: pinctrl: single: fix refcount leak in pcs_add_gpio_func() of_parse_phandle_with_args() returns a device_node pointer with refcount incremented in gpiospec.np. The loop iterates through all phandles but never releases the reference, causing a refcount leak on each iteration. Add of_node_put() calls to release the reference after extracting the needed arguments and on the error path when devm_kzalloc() fails. This bug was detected by our static analysis tool and verified by my code review.

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: net: remove WARN_ON_ONCE when accessing forward path array Although unlikely, recent support for IPIP tunnels increases chances of reaching this WARN_ON_ONCE if userspace manages to build a sufficiently long forward path. Remove it.

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: netfilter: nft_set_rbtree: check for partial overlaps in anonymous sets Userspace provides an optimized representation in case intervals are adjacent, where the end element is omitted. The existing partial overlap detection logic skips anonymous set checks on start elements for this reason. However, it is possible to add intervals that overlap to this anonymous where two start elements with the same, eg. A-B, A-C where C < B. start end A B start end A C Restore the check on overlapping start elements to report an overlap.

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: iio: sca3000: Fix a resource leak in sca3000_probe() spi->irq from request_threaded_irq() not released when iio_device_register() fails. Add an return value check and jump to a common error handler when iio_device_register() fails.

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: soc: mediatek: svs: Fix memory leak in svs_enable_debug_write() In svs_enable_debug_write(), the buf allocated by memdup_user_nul() is leaked if kstrtoint() fails. Fix this by using __free(kfree) to automatically free buf, eliminating the need for explicit kfree() calls and preventing leaks. [Angelo: Added missing cleanup.h inclusion]

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: drm/display/dp_mst: Add protection against 0 vcpi When releasing a timeslot there is a slight chance we may end up with the wrong payload mask due to overflow if the delayed_destroy_work ends up coming into play after a DP 2.1 monitor gets disconnected which causes vcpi to become 0 then we try to make the payload = ~BIT(vcpi - 1) which is a negative shift. VCPI id should never really be 0 hence skip changing the payload mask if VCPI is 0. Otherwise it leads to <7> [515.287237] xe 0000:03:00.0: [drm:drm_dp_mst_get_port_malloc [drm_display_helper]] port ffff888126ce9000 (3) <4> [515.287267] -----------[ cut here ]----------- <3> [515.287268] UBSAN: shift-out-of-bounds in ../drivers/gpu/drm/display/drm_dp_mst_topology.c:4575:36 <3> [515.287271] shift exponent -1 is negative <4> [515.287275] CPU: 7 UID: 0 PID: 3108 Comm: kworker/u64:33 Tainted: G S U 6.17.0-rc6-lgci-xe-xe-3795-3e79699fa1b216e92+ #1 PREEMPT(voluntary) <4> [515.287279] Tainted: [S]=CPU_OUT_OF_SPEC, [U]=USER <4> [515.287279] Hardware name: ASUS System Product Name/PRIME Z790-P WIFI, BIOS 1645 03/15/2024 <4> [515.287281] Workqueue: drm_dp_mst_wq drm_dp_delayed_destroy_work [drm_display_helper] <4> [515.287303] Call Trace: <4> [515.287304] <TASK> <4> [515.287306] dump_stack_lvl+0xc1/0xf0 <4> [515.287313] dump_stack+0x10/0x20 <4> [515.287316] __ubsan_handle_shift_out_of_bounds+0x133/0x2e0 <4> [515.287324] ? drm_atomic_get_private_obj_state+0x186/0x1d0 <4> [515.287333] drm_dp_atomic_release_time_slots.cold+0x17/0x3d [drm_display_helper] <4> [515.287355] mst_connector_atomic_check+0x159/0x180 [xe] <4> [515.287546] drm_atomic_helper_check_modeset+0x4d9/0xfa0 <4> [515.287550] ? __ww_mutex_lock.constprop.0+0x6f/0x1a60 <4> [515.287562] intel_atomic_check+0x119/0x2b80 [xe] <4> [515.287740] ? find_held_lock+0x31/0x90 <4> [515.287747] ? lock_release+0xce/0x2a0 <4> [515.287754] drm_atomic_check_only+0x6a2/0xb40 <4> [515.287758] ? drm_atomic_add_affected_connectors+0x12b/0x140 <4> [515.287765] drm_atomic_commit+0x6e/0xf0 <4> [515.287766] ? _pfx__drm_printfn_info+0x10/0x10 <4> [515.287774] drm_client_modeset_commit_atomic+0x25c/0x2b0 <4> [515.287794] drm_client_modeset_commit_locked+0x60/0x1b0 <4> [515.287795] ? mutex_lock_nested+0x1b/0x30 <4> [515.287801] drm_client_modeset_commit+0x26/0x50 <4> [515.287804] __drm_fb_helper_restore_fbdev_mode_unlocked+0xdc/0x110 <4> [515.287810] drm_fb_helper_hotplug_event+0x120/0x140 <4> [515.287814] drm_fbdev_client_hotplug+0x28/0xd0 <4> [515.287819] drm_client_hotplug+0x6c/0xf0 <4> [515.287824] drm_client_dev_hotplug+0x9e/0xd0 <4> [515.287829] drm_kms_helper_hotplug_event+0x1a/0x30 <4> [515.287834] drm_dp_delayed_destroy_work+0x3df/0x410 [drm_display_helper] <4> [515.287861] process_one_work+0x22b/0x6f0 <4> [515.287874] worker_thread+0x1e8/0x3d0 <4> [515.287879] ? __pfx_worker_thread+0x10/0x10 <4> [515.287882] kthread+0x11c/0x250 <4> [515.287886] ? __pfx_kthread+0x10/0x10 <4> [515.287890] ret_from_fork+0x2d7/0x310 <4> [515.287894] ? __pfx_kthread+0x10/0x10 <4> [515.287897] ret_from_fork_asm+0x1a/0x30

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: i3c: dw: Fix memory leak in dw_i3c_master_i2c_xfers() The dw_i3c_master_i2c_xfers() function allocates memory for the xfer structure using dw_i3c_master_alloc_xfer(). If pm_runtime_resume_and_get() fails, the function returns without freeing the allocated xfer, resulting in a memory leak. Add a dw_i3c_master_free_xfer() call to the error path to ensure the allocated memory is properly freed. Compile tested only. Issue found using a prototype static analysis tool and code review.

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: ext4: don't zero the entire extent if EXT4_EXT_DATA_PARTIAL_VALID1 When allocating initialized blocks from a large unwritten extent, or when splitting an unwritten extent during end I/O and converting it to initialized, there is currently a potential issue of stale data if the extent needs to be split in the middle. 0 A B N [UUUUUUUUUUUU] U: unwritten extent [--DDDDDDDD--] D: valid data |<- ->| ----> this range needs to be initialized ext4_split_extent() first try to split this extent at B with EXT4_EXT_DATA_ENTIRE_VALID1 and EXT4_EXT_MAY_ZEROOUT flag set, but ext4_split_extent_at() failed to split this extent due to temporary lack of space. It zeroout B to N and mark the entire extent from 0 to N as written. 0 A B N [WWWWWWWWWWWW] W: written extent [SSDDDDDDDDZZ] Z: zeroed, S: stale data ext4_split_extent() then try to split this extent at A with EXT4_EXT_DATA_VALID2 flag set. This time, it split successfully and left a stale written extent from 0 to A. 0 A B N [WW|WWWWWWWWWW] [SS|DDDDDDDDZZ] Fix this by pass EXT4_EXT_DATA_PARTIAL_VALID1 to ext4_split_extent_at() when splitting at B, don't convert the entire extent to written and left it as unwritten after zeroing out B to N. The remaining work is just like the standard two-part split. ext4_split_extent() will pass the EXT4_EXT_DATA_VALID2 flag when it calls ext4_split_extent_at() for the second time, allowing it to properly handle the split. If the split is successful, it will keep extent from 0 to A as unwritten.

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: md/raid1: fix memory leak in raid1_run() raid1_run() calls setup_conf() which registers a thread via md_register_thread(). If raid1_set_limits() fails, the previously registered thread is not unregistered, resulting in a memory leak of the md_thread structure and the thread resource itself. Add md_unregister_thread() to the error path to properly cleanup the thread, which aligns with the error handling logic of other paths in this function. Compile tested only. Issue found using a prototype static analysis tool and code review.

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: PCI/P2PDMA: Release per-CPU pgmap ref when vm_insert_page() fails When vm_insert_page() fails in p2pmem_alloc_mmap(), p2pmem_alloc_mmap() doesn't invoke percpu_ref_put() to free the per-CPU ref of pgmap acquired after gen_pool_alloc_owner(), and memunmap_pages() will hang forever when trying to remove the PCI device. Fix it by adding the missed percpu_ref_put().

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: HID: intel-ish-hid: fix NULL-ptr-deref in ishtp_bus_remove_all_clients During a warm reset flow, the cl->device pointer may be NULL if the reset occurs while clients are still being enumerated. Accessing cl->device->reference_count without a NULL check leads to a kernel panic. This issue was identified during multi-unit warm reboot stress clycles. Add a defensive NULL check for cl->device to ensure stability under such intensive testing conditions. KASAN: null-ptr-deref in range [0000000000000000-0000000000000007] Workqueue: ish_fw_update_wq fw_reset_work_fn Call Trace: ishtp_bus_remove_all_clients+0xbe/0x130 [intel_ishtp] ishtp_reset_handler+0x85/0x1a0 [intel_ishtp] fw_reset_work_fn+0x8a/0xc0 [intel_ish_ipc]

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: fs/ntfs3: Initialize new folios before use KMSAN reports an uninitialized value in longest_match_std(), invoked from ntfs_compress_write(). When new folios are allocated without being marked uptodate and ni_read_frame() is skipped because the caller expects the frame to be completely overwritten, some reserved folios may remain only partially filled, leaving the rest memory uninitialized.

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: quota: fix livelock between quotactl and freeze_super When a filesystem is frozen, quotactl_block() enters a retry loop waiting for the filesystem to thaw. It acquires s_umount, checks the freeze state, drops s_umount and uses sb_start_write() - sb_end_write() pair to wait for the unfreeze. However, this retry loop can trigger a livelock issue, specifically on kernels with preemption disabled. The mechanism is as follows: 1. freeze_super() sets SB_FREEZE_WRITE and calls sb_wait_write(). 2. sb_wait_write() calls percpu_down_write(), which initiates synchronize_rcu(). 3. Simultaneously, quotactl_block() spins in its retry loop, immediately executing the sb_start_write() - sb_end_write() pair. 4. Because the kernel is non-preemptible and the loop contains no scheduling points, quotactl_block() never yields the CPU. This prevents that CPU from reaching an RCU quiescent state. 5. synchronize_rcu() in the freezer thread waits indefinitely for the quotactl_block() CPU to report a quiescent state. 6. quotactl_block() spins indefinitely waiting for the freezer to advance, which it cannot do as it is blocked on the RCU sync. This results in a hang of the freezer process and 100% CPU usage by the quota process. While this can occur intermittently on multi-core systems, it is reliably reproducing on a node with the following script, running both the freezer and the quota toggle on the same CPU: # mkfs.ext4 -O quota /dev/sda 2g && mkdir a_mount # mount /dev/sda -o quota,usrquota,grpquota a_mount # taskset -c 3 bash -c "while true; do xfs_freeze -f a_mount; \ xfs_freeze -u a_mount; done" & # taskset -c 3 bash -c "while true; do quotaon a_mount; \ quotaoff a_mount; done" & Adding cond_resched() to the retry loop fixes the issue. It acts as an RCU quiescent state, allowing synchronize_rcu() in percpu_down_write() to complete.

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: nouveau/gsp: drop WARN_ON in ACPI probes These WARN_ONs seem to trigger a lot, and we don't seem to have a plan to fix them, so just drop them, as they are most likely harmless.

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: apparmor: avoid per-cpu hold underflow in aa_get_buffer When aa_get_buffer() pulls from the per-cpu list it unconditionally decrements cache->hold. If hold reaches 0 while count is still non-zero, the unsigned decrement wraps to UINT_MAX. This keeps hold non-zero for a very long time, so aa_put_buffer() never returns buffers to the global list, which can starve other CPUs and force repeated kmalloc(aa_g_path_max) allocations. Guard the decrement so hold never underflows.

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: phy: freescale: imx8qm-hsio: fix NULL pointer dereference During the probe the refclk_pad pointer is set to NULL if the 'fsl,refclk-pad-mode' property is not defined in the devicetree node. But in imx_hsio_configure_clk_pad() this pointer is unconditionally used which could result in a NULL pointer dereference. So check the pointer before to use it.

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: ext4: drop extent cache after doing PARTIAL_VALID1 zeroout When splitting an unwritten extent in the middle and converting it to initialized in ext4_split_extent() with the EXT4_EXT_MAY_ZEROOUT and EXT4_EXT_DATA_VALID2 flags set, it could leave a stale unwritten extent. Assume we have an unwritten file and buffered write in the middle of it without dioread_nolock enabled, it will allocate blocks as written extent. 0 A B N [UUUUUUUUUUUU] on-disk extent U: unwritten extent [UUUUUUUUUUUU] extent status tree [--DDDDDDDD--] D: valid data |<- ->| ----> this range needs to be initialized ext4_split_extent() first try to split this extent at B with EXT4_EXT_DATA_PARTIAL_VALID1 and EXT4_EXT_MAY_ZEROOUT flag set, but ext4_split_extent_at() failed to split this extent due to temporary lack of space. It zeroout B to N and leave the entire extent as unwritten. 0 A B N [UUUUUUUUUUUU] on-disk extent [UUUUUUUUUUUU] extent status tree [--DDDDDDDDZZ] Z: zeroed data ext4_split_extent() then try to split this extent at A with EXT4_EXT_DATA_VALID2 flag set. This time, it split successfully and leave an written extent from A to N. 0 A B N [UUWWWWWWWWWW] on-disk extent W: written extent [UUUUUUUUUUUU] extent status tree [--DDDDDDDDZZ] Finally ext4_map_create_blocks() only insert extent A to B to the extent status tree, and leave an stale unwritten extent in the status tree. 0 A B N [UUWWWWWWWWWW] on-disk extent W: written extent [UUWWWWWWWWUU] extent status tree [--DDDDDDDDZZ] Fix this issue by always cached extent status entry after zeroing out the second part.

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: mptcp: do not account for OoO in mptcp_rcvbuf_grow() MPTCP-level OoOs are physiological when multiple subflows are active concurrently and will not cause retransmissions nor are caused by drops. Accounting for them in mptcp_rcvbuf_grow() causes the rcvbuf slowly drifting towards tcp_rmem[2]. Remove such accounting. Note that subflows will still account for TCP-level OoO when the MPTCP-level rcvbuf is propagated. This also closes a subtle and very unlikely race condition with rcvspace init; active sockets with user-space holding the msk-level socket lock, could complete such initialization in the receive callback, after that the first OoO data reaches the rcvbuf and potentially triggering a divide by zero Oops.

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: af_unix: Fix memleak of newsk in unix_stream_connect(). When prepare_peercred() fails in unix_stream_connect(), unix_release_sock() is not called for newsk, and the memory is leaked. Let's move prepare_peercred() before unix_create1().

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: arm64/gcs: Fix error handling in arch_set_shadow_stack_status() alloc_gcs() returns an error-encoded pointer on failure, which comes from do_mmap(), not NULL. The current NULL check fails to detect errors, which could lead to using an invalid GCS address. Use IS_ERR_VALUE() to properly detect errors, consistent with the check in gcs_alloc_thread_stack().

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: crypto: inside-secure/eip93 - unregister only available algorithm EIP93 has an options register. This register indicates which crypto algorithms are implemented in silicon. Supported algorithms are registered on this basis. Unregister algorithms on the same basis. Currently, all algorithms are unregistered, even those not supported by HW. This results in panic on platforms that don't have all options implemented in silicon.

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: iommu/vt-d: Flush cache for PASID table before using it When writing the address of a freshly allocated zero-initialized PASID table to a PASID directory entry, do that after the CPU cache flush for this PASID table, not before it, to avoid the time window when this PASID table may be already used by non-coherent IOMMU hardware while its contents in RAM is still some random old data, not zero-initialized.

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: iommu/vt-d: Clear Present bit before tearing down PASID entry The Intel VT-d Scalable Mode PASID table entry consists of 512 bits (64 bytes). When tearing down an entry, the current implementation zeros the entire 64-byte structure immediately using multiple 64-bit writes. Since the IOMMU hardware may fetch these 64 bytes using multiple internal transactions (e.g., four 128-bit bursts), updating or zeroing the entire entry while it is active (P=1) risks a "torn" read. If a hardware fetch occurs simultaneously with the CPU zeroing the entry, the hardware could observe an inconsistent state, leading to unpredictable behavior or spurious faults. Follow the "Guidance to Software for Invalidations" in the VT-d spec (Section 6.5.3.3) by implementing the recommended ownership handshake: 1. Clear only the 'Present' (P) bit of the PASID entry. 2. Use a dma_wmb() to ensure the cleared bit is visible to hardware before proceeding. 3. Execute the required invalidation sequence (PASID cache, IOTLB, and Device-TLB flush) to ensure the hardware has released all cached references. 4. Only after the flushes are complete, zero out the remaining fields of the PASID entry. Also, add a dma_wmb() in pasid_set_present() to ensure that all other fields of the PASID entry are visible to the hardware before the Present bit is set.

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: ASoC: codecs: rt1011: Use component to get the dapm context in spk_mode_put The correct helper to use in rt1011_recv_spk_mode_put() to retrieve the DAPM context is snd_soc_component_to_dapm(), from kcontrol we will receive NULL pointer.

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: netfilter: nft_counter: serialize reset with spinlock Add a global static spinlock to serialize counter fetch+reset operations, preventing concurrent dump-and-reset from underrunning values. The lock is taken before fetching the total so that two parallel resets cannot both read the same counter values and then both subtract them. A global lock is used for simplicity since resets are infrequent. If this becomes a bottleneck, it can be replaced with a per-net lock later.

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: accel/amdxdna: Fix potential NULL pointer dereference in context cleanup aie_destroy_context() is invoked during error handling in aie2_create_context(). However, aie_destroy_context() assumes that the context's mailbox channel pointer is non-NULL. If mailbox channel creation fails, the pointer remains NULL and calling aie_destroy_context() can lead to a NULL pointer dereference. In aie2_create_context(), replace aie_destroy_context() with a function which request firmware to remove the context created previously.

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: drm/panthor: Fix NULL pointer dereference on panthor_fw_unplug This patch removes the MCU halt and wait for halt procedures during panthor_fw_unplug() as the MCU can be in a variety of states or the FW may not even be loaded/initialized at all, the latter of which can lead to a NULL pointer dereference. It should be safe on unplug to just disable the MCU without waiting for it to halt as it may not be able to.

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: net: skbuff: propagate shared-frag marker through frag-transfer helpers Two frag-transfer helpers (__pskb_copy_fclone() and skb_shift()) fail to propagate the SKBFL_SHARED_FRAG bit in skb_shinfo()->flags when moving frags from source to destination. __pskb_copy_fclone() defers the rest of the shinfo metadata to skb_copy_header() after copying frag descriptors, but that helper only carries over gso_{size,segs, type} and never touches skb_shinfo()->flags; skb_shift() moves frag descriptors directly and leaves flags untouched. As a result, the destination skb keeps a reference to the same externally-owned or page-cache-backed pages while reporting skb_has_shared_frag() as false. The mismatch is harmful in any in-place writer that uses skb_has_shared_frag() to decide whether shared pages must be detoured through skb_cow_data(). ESP input is one such writer (esp4.c, esp6.c), and a single nft 'dup to <local>' rule -- or any other nf_dup_ipv4() / xt_TEE caller -- is enough to land a pskb_copy()'d skb in esp_input() with the marker stripped, letting an unprivileged user write into the page cache of a root-owned read-only file via authencesn-ESN stray writes. Set SKBFL_SHARED_FRAG on the destination whenever frag descriptors were actually moved from the source. skb_copy() and skb_copy_expand() share skb_copy_header() too but linearize all paged data into freshly allocated head storage and emerge with nr_frags == 0, so skb_has_shared_frag() returns false on its own; they need no change. The same omission exists in skb_gro_receive() and skb_gro_receive_list(). The former moves the incoming skb's frag descriptors into the accumulator's last sub-skb via two paths (a direct frag-move loop and the head_frag + memcpy path); the latter chains the incoming skb whole onto p's frag_list. Downstream skb_segment() reads only skb_shinfo(p)->flags, and skb_segment_list() reuses each sub-skb's shinfo as the nskb -- both p and lp must carry the marker. The same omission also exists in tcp_clone_payload(), which builds an MTU probe skb by moving frag descriptors from skbs on sk_write_queue into a freshly allocated nskb. The helper falls into the same family and warrants the same fix for consistency; no TCP TX-side in-place writer is currently known to reach a user page through this gap, but a future consumer depending on the marker would regress silently. The same omission exists in skb_segment(): the per-iteration flag merge takes only head_skb's flag, and the inner switch that rebinds frag_skb to list_skb on head_skb-frags exhaustion does not fold the new frag_skb's flag into nskb. Fold frag_skb's flag at both sites so segments drawing frags from frag_list members carry the marker.

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: dm-thin: fix metadata refcount underflow There's a bug in dm-thin in the function rebalance_children. If the internal btree node has one entry, the code tries to copy all btree entries from the node's child to the node itself and then decrement the child's reference count. If the child node is shared (it has reference count > 1), we won't free it, so there would be two pointers to each of the grandchildren nodes. But the reference counts of the grandchildren is not increased, thus the reference count doesn't match the number of pointers that point to the grandchildren. This results in "device mapper: space map common: unable to decrement block" errors. Fix this bug by incrementing reference counts on the grandchildren if the btree node is shared.

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: net: hns3: fix double free issue for tx spare buffer In hns3_set_ringparam(), a temporary copy (tmp_rings) of the ring structure is created for rollback. However, the tx_spare pointer in the original ring handle is incorrectly left pointing to the old backup memory. Later, if memory allocation fails in hns3_init_all_ring() during the setup, the error path attempts to free all newly allocated rings. Since tx_spare contains a stale (non-NULL) pointer from the backup, it is mistaken for a newly allocated buffer and is erroneously freed, leading to a double-free of the backup memory. The root cause is that the tx_spare field was not cleared after its value was saved in tmp_rings, leaving a dangling pointer. Fix this by setting tx_spare to NULL in the original ring structure when the creation of the new `tx_spare` fails. This ensures the error cleanup path only frees genuinely newly allocated buffers.

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: ALSA: aloop: Fix peer runtime UAF during format-change stop loopback_check_format() may stop the capture side when playback starts with parameters that no longer match a running capture stream. Commit 826af7fa62e3 ("ALSA: aloop: Fix racy access at PCM trigger") moved the peer lookup under cable->lock, but the actual snd_pcm_stop() still runs after dropping that lock. A concurrent close can clear the capture entry from cable->streams[] and detach or free its runtime while the playback trigger path still holds a stale peer substream pointer. Keep a per-cable count of in-flight peer stops before dropping cable->lock, and make free_cable() wait for those stops before detaching the runtime. This preserves the existing behavior while making the peer runtime lifetime explicit.

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: fs: afs: revert mmap_prepare() change Partially reverts commit 9d5403b1036c ("fs: convert most other generic_file_*mmap() users to .mmap_prepare()"). This is because the .mmap invocation establishes a refcount, but .mmap_prepare is called at a point where a merge or an allocation failure might happen after the call, which would leak the refcount increment. Functionality is being added to permit the use of .mmap_prepare in this case, but in the interim, we need to fix this.

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: mm/vmalloc: take vmap_purge_lock in shrinker decay_va_pool_node() can be invoked concurrently from two paths: __purge_vmap_area_lazy() when pools are being purged, and the shrinker via vmap_node_shrink_scan(). However, decay_va_pool_node() is not safe to run concurrently, and the shrinker path currently lacks serialization, leading to races and possible leaks. Protect decay_va_pool_node() by taking vmap_purge_lock in the shrinker path to ensure serialization with purge users.

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: scsi: mpt3sas: Limit NVMe request size to 2 MiB The HBA firmware reports NVMe MDTS values based on the underlying drive capability. However, because the driver allocates a fixed 4K buffer for the PRP list, accommodating at most 512 entries, the driver supports a maximum I/O transfer size of 2 MiB. Limit max_hw_sectors to the smaller of the reported MDTS and the 2 MiB driver limit to prevent issuing oversized I/O that may lead to a kernel oops.

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: rtmutex: Use waiter::task instead of current in remove_waiter() remove_waiter() is used by the slowlock paths, but it is also used for proxy-lock rollback in rt_mutex_start_proxy_lock() when invoked from futex_requeue(). In the latter case waiter::task is not current, but remove_waiter() operates on current for the dequeue operation. That results in several problems: 1) the rbtree dequeue happens without waiter::task::pi_lock being held 2) the waiter task's pi_blocked_on state is not cleared, which leaves a dangling pointer primed for UAF around. 3) rt_mutex_adjust_prio_chain() operates on the wrong top priority waiter task Use waiter::task instead of current in all related operations in remove_waiter() to cure those problems. [ tglx: Fixup rt_mutex_adjust_prio_chain(), add a comment and amend the changelog ]

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: apparmor: Fix & Optimize table creation from possibly unaligned memory Source blob may come from userspace and might be unaligned. Try to optize the copying process by avoiding unaligned memory accesses. - Added Fixes tag - Added "Fix &" to description as this doesn't just optimize but fixes a potential unaligned memory access [jj: remove duplicate word "convert" in comment trigger checkpatch warning]

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: ext4: fix bounds check in check_xattrs() to prevent out-of-bounds access The bounds check for the next xattr entry in check_xattrs() uses (void *)next >= end, which allows next to point within sizeof(u32) bytes of end. On the next loop iteration, IS_LAST_ENTRY() reads 4 bytes via *(__u32 *)(entry), which can overrun the valid xattr region. For example, if next lands at end - 1, the check passes since next < end, but IS_LAST_ENTRY() reads 4 bytes starting at end - 1, accessing 3 bytes beyond the valid region. Fix this by changing the check to (void *)next + sizeof(u32) > end, ensuring there is always enough space for the IS_LAST_ENTRY() read on the subsequent iteration.

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: Input: edt-ft5x06 - fix use-after-free in debugfs teardown The commit 68743c500c6e ("Input: edt-ft5x06 - use per-client debugfs directory") removed the manual debugfs teardown, relying on the I2C core to handle it. However, this creates a window where debugfs files are still accessible after edt_ft5x06_ts_teardown_debugfs() frees tsdata->raw_buffer. To prevent a use-after-free, protect the freeing of raw_buffer with the device mutex and set raw_buffer to NULL. The debugfs read function already checks if raw_buffer is NULL under the same mutex, so this safely avoids the use-after-free.

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: netfilter: reject zero shift in nft_bitwise Reject zero shift operands for nft_bitwise left and right shift expressions during initialization. The carry propagation logic computes the carry from the adjacent 32-bit word using BITS_PER_TYPE(u32) - shift. A zero shift operand turns this into a 32-bit shift, which is undefined behaviour. Reject zero shift operands in the control plane, alongside the existing check for values greater than or equal to 32, so malformed rules never reach the packet path.

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: net: caif: clear client service pointer on teardown `caif_connect()` can tear down an existing client after remote shutdown by calling `caif_disconnect_client()` followed by `caif_free_client()`. `caif_free_client()` releases the service layer referenced by `adap_layer->dn`, but leaves that pointer stale. When the socket is later destroyed, `caif_sock_destructor()` calls `caif_free_client()` again and dereferences the freed service pointer. Clear the client/service links before releasing the service object so repeated teardown becomes harmless.

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: ALSA: control: Validate buf_len before strnlen() in snd_ctl_elem_init_enum_names() snd_ctl_elem_init_enum_names() advances pointer p through the names buffer while decrementing buf_len. If buf_len reaches zero but items remain, the next iteration calls strnlen(p, 0). While strnlen(p, 0) returns 0 and would hit the existing name_len == 0 error path, CONFIG_FORTIFY_SOURCE's fortified strnlen() first checks maxlen against __builtin_dynamic_object_size(). When Clang loses track of p's object size inside the loop, this triggers a BRK exception panic before the return value is examined. Add a buf_len == 0 guard at the loop entry to prevent calling fortified strnlen() on an exhausted buffer. Found by kernel fuzz testing through Xiaomi Smartphone.

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: ipmi:si: Return state to normal if message allocation fails There were places where nothing would get started if a message allocation failed, so the driver needs to return to normal state.

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: xen-netback: reject zero-queue configuration from guest A malicious or buggy Xen guest can write "0" to the xenbus key "multi-queue-num-queues". The connect() function in the backend only validates the upper bound (requested_num_queues > xenvif_max_queues) but not zero, allowing requested_num_queues=0 to reach vzalloc(array_size(0, sizeof(struct xenvif_queue))), which triggers WARN_ON_ONCE(!size) in __vmalloc_node_range(). On systems with panic_on_warn=1, this allows a guest-to-host denial of service. The Xen network interface specification requires the queue count to be "greater than zero". Add a zero check to match the validation already present in xen-blkback, which has included this guard since its multi-queue support was added.

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: zram: do not forget to endio for partial discard requests As reported by Qu Wenruo and Avinesh Kumar, the following getconf PAGESIZE 65536 blkdiscard -p 4k /dev/zram0 takes literally forever to complete. zram doesn't support partial discards and just returns immediately w/o doing any discard work in such cases. The problem is that we forget to endio on our way out, so blkdiscard sleeps forever in submit_bio_wait(). Fix this by jumping to end_bio label, which does bio_endio().

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: media: rc: igorplugusb: heed coherency rules In a control request, the USB request structure can be subject to DMA on some HCs. Hence it must obey the rules for DMA coherency. Allocate it separately.

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: iio: chemical: sps30_i2c: fix buffer size in sps30_i2c_read_meas() sizeof(num) evaluates to sizeof(size_t) (8 bytes on 64-bit) instead of the intended __be32 element size (4 bytes). Use sizeof(*meas) to correctly match the buffer element type.

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: md/md-llbitmap: raise barrier before state machine transition Move the barrier raise operation before calling llbitmap_state_machine() in both llbitmap_start_write() and llbitmap_start_discard(). This ensures the barrier is in place before any state transitions occur, preventing potential race conditions where the state machine could complete before the barrier is properly raised.

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: tpm2-sessions: Fix missing tpm_buf_destroy() in tpm2_read_public() tpm2_read_public() calls tpm_buf_init() but fails to call tpm_buf_destroy() on two exit paths, leaking a page allocation: 1. When name_size() returns an error (unrecognized hash algorithm), the function returns directly without destroying the buffer. 2. On the success path, the buffer is never destroyed before returning. All other error paths in the function correctly call tpm_buf_destroy() before returning. Fix both by adding the missing tpm_buf_destroy() calls.

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: mm/damon/stat: fix memory leak on damon_start() failure in damon_stat_start() Destroy the DAMON context and reset the global pointer when damon_start() fails. Otherwise, the context allocated by damon_stat_build_ctx() is leaked, and the stale damon_stat_context pointer will be overwritten on the next enable attempt, making the old allocation permanently unreachable.

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: selinux: use sk blob accessor in socket permission helpers SELinux socket state lives in the composite LSM socket blob. sock_has_perm() and nlmsg_sock_has_extended_perms() currently dereference sk->sk_security directly, which assumes the SELinux socket blob is at offset zero. In stacked configurations that assumption does not hold. If another LSM allocates socket blob storage before SELinux, these helpers may read the wrong blob and feed invalid SID and class values into AVC checks. Use selinux_sock() instead of accessing sk->sk_security directly.

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: net-shapers: don't free reply skb after genlmsg_reply() genlmsg_reply() hands the reply skb to netlink, and netlink_unicast() consumes it on all return paths, whether the skb is queued successfully or freed on an error path. net_shaper_nl_get_doit() and net_shaper_nl_cap_get_doit() currently jump to free_msg after genlmsg_reply() fails and call nlmsg_free(msg), which can hit the same skb twice. Return the genlmsg_reply() error directly and keep free_msg only for pre-reply failures.

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: can: ucan: fix devres lifetime USB drivers bind to USB interfaces and any device managed resources should have their lifetime tied to the interface rather than parent USB device. This avoids issues like memory leaks when drivers are unbound without their devices being physically disconnected (e.g. on probe deferral or configuration changes). Fix the control message buffer lifetime so that it is released on driver unbind.

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: accel/ivpu: Disallow re-exporting imported GEM objects Prevent re-exporting of imported GEM buffers by adding a custom prime_handle_to_fd callback that checks if the object is imported and returns -EOPNOTSUPP if so. Re-exporting imported GEM buffers causes loss of buffer flags settings, leading to incorrect device access and data corruption.