Improper Privilege Management (CWE-269)

<p>A remote code execution vulnerability exists when the Windows Print Spooler service improperly performs privileged file operations. An attacker who successfully exploited this vulnerability could run arbitrary code with SYSTEM privileges. An attacker could then install programs; view, change, or delete data; or create new accounts with full user rights.</p> <p>UPDATE July 7, 2021: The security update for Windows Server 2012, Windows Server 2016 and Windows 10, Version 1607 have been released. Please see the Security Updates table for the applicable update for your system. We recommend that you install these updates immediately. If you are unable to install these updates, see the FAQ and Workaround sections in this CVE for information on how to help protect your system from this vulnerability.</p> <p>In addition to installing the updates, in order to secure your system, you must confirm that the following registry settings are set to 0 (zero) or are not defined (<strong>Note</strong>: These registry keys do not exist by default, and therefore are already at the secure setting.), also that your Group Policy setting are correct (see FAQ):</p> <ul> <li>HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Policies\Microsoft\Windows NT\Printers\PointAndPrint</li> <li>NoWarningNoElevationOnInstall = 0 (DWORD) or not defined (default setting)</li> <li>UpdatePromptSettings = 0 (DWORD) or not defined (default setting)</li> </ul> <p><strong>Having NoWarningNoElevationOnInstall set to 1 makes your system vulnerable by design.</strong></p> <p>UPDATE July 6, 2021: Microsoft has completed the investigation and has released security updates to address this vulnerability. Please see the Security Updates table for the applicable update for your system. We recommend that you install these updates immediately. If you are unable to install these updates, see the FAQ and Workaround sections in this CVE for information on how to help protect your system from this vulnerability. See also <a href="https://support.microsoft.com/topic/31b91c02-05bc-4ada-a7ea-183b129578a7">KB5005010: Restricting installation of new printer drivers after applying the July 6, 2021 updates</a>.</p> <p>Note that the security updates released on and after July 6, 2021 contain protections for CVE-2021-1675 and the additional remote code execution exploit in the Windows Print Spooler service known as “PrintNightmare”, documented in CVE-2021-34527.</p>

An unprivileged network attacker could gain system privileges to provisioned Intel manageability SKUs: Intel Active Management Technology (AMT) and Intel Standard Manageability (ISM). An unprivileged local attacker could provision manageability features gaining unprivileged network or local system privileges on Intel manageability SKUs: Intel Active Management Technology (AMT), Intel Standard Manageability (ISM), and Intel Small Business Technology (SBT).

A vulnerability in the SonicWall Email Security version 10.0.9.x allows an attacker to create an administrative account by sending a crafted HTTP request to the remote host.

Active Directory Domain Services Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability

The Client-Server Run-time Subsystem (CSRSS) in Microsoft Windows 8.1, Windows Server 2012 Gold and R2, Windows RT 8.1, and Windows 10 Gold and 1511 mismanages process tokens, which allows local users to gain privileges via a crafted application, aka "Windows CSRSS Security Feature Bypass Vulnerability."

An issue was discovered in EyesOfNetwork 5.3. The sudoers configuration is prone to a privilege escalation vulnerability, allowing the apache user to run arbitrary commands as root via a crafted NSE script for nmap 7.

In the Linux kernel before 5.1.17, ptrace_link in kernel/ptrace.c mishandles the recording of the credentials of a process that wants to create a ptrace relationship, which allows local users to obtain root access by leveraging certain scenarios with a parent-child process relationship, where a parent drops privileges and calls execve (potentially allowing control by an attacker). One contributing factor is an object lifetime issue (which can also cause a panic). Another contributing factor is incorrect marking of a ptrace relationship as privileged, which is exploitable through (for example) Polkit's pkexec helper with PTRACE_TRACEME. NOTE: SELinux deny_ptrace might be a usable workaround in some environments.

The futex_requeue function in kernel/futex.c in the Linux kernel through 3.14.5 does not ensure that calls have two different futex addresses, which allows local users to gain privileges via a crafted FUTEX_REQUEUE command that facilitates unsafe waiter modification.

An elevation of privilege vulnerability exists when the Windows Universal Plug and Play (UPnP) service improperly allows COM object creation, aka 'Windows UPnP Service Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability'.

An elevation of privilege vulnerability exists in the way that ws2ifsl.sys (Winsock) handles objects in memory, aka 'Windows Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability'. This CVE ID is unique from CVE-2019-1253, CVE-2019-1278, CVE-2019-1303.

Windows User Profile Service Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability

Vulnerability in the Oracle Payments product of Oracle E-Business Suite (component: File Transmission). Supported versions that are affected are 12.2.3-12.2.15. Easily exploitable vulnerability allows unauthenticated attacker with network access via HTTP to compromise Oracle Payments. Successful attacks of this vulnerability can result in takeover of Oracle Payments. CVSS 3.1 Base Score 9.8 (Confidentiality, Integrity and Availability impacts). CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H).

The Firefox sandbox in Adobe Flash Player before 10.3.183.67 and 11.x before 11.6.602.171 on Windows and Mac OS X, and before 10.3.183.67 and 11.x before 11.2.202.273 on Linux, does not properly restrict privileges, which makes it easier for remote attackers to execute arbitrary code via crafted SWF content, as exploited in the wild in February 2013.

An elevation of privilege vulnerability exists in the Windows Certificate Dialog when it does not properly enforce user privileges, aka 'Windows Certificate Dialog Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability'.

VMware Fusion (11.x before 11.5.2), VMware Remote Console for Mac (11.x and prior before 11.0.1) and Horizon Client for Mac (5.x and prior before 5.4.0) contain a privilege escalation vulnerability due to improper use of setuid binaries. Successful exploitation of this issue may allow attackers with normal user privileges to escalate their privileges to root on the system where Fusion, VMRC or Horizon Client is installed.

Minio is a Multi-Cloud Object Storage framework. Prior to RELEASE.2023-03-20T20-16-18Z, an attacker can use crafted requests to bypass metadata bucket name checking and put an object into any bucket while processing `PostPolicyBucket`. To carry out this attack, the attacker requires credentials with `arn:aws:s3:::*` permission, as well as enabled Console API access. This issue has been patched in RELEASE.2023-03-20T20-16-18Z. As a workaround, enable browser API access and turn off `MINIO_BROWSER=off`.

Windows Installer Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability

smss.exe debugging subsystem in Windows NT and Windows 2000 does not properly authenticate programs that connect to other programs, which allows local users to gain administrator or SYSTEM privileges by duplicating a handle to a privileged process, as demonstrated by DebPloit.

Windows Error Reporting Service Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability

Improper privilege management in Windows Remote Desktop allows an authorized attacker to elevate privileges locally.

Improper access control in clipboard service in Samsung mobile devices prior to SMR Mar-2021 Release 1 allows untrusted applications to read or write certain local files.

In onCreate of WindowState.java, there is a possible way to launch a background activity due to a logic error in the code. This could lead to local escalation of privilege with no additional execution privileges needed. User interaction is not needed for exploitation.

Privilege escalation to NetworkService Account access in Citrix Session Recording when an attacker is an authenticated user in the same Windows Active Directory domain as the session recording server domain

An improper access control vulnerability in Partner.Microsoft.com allows an a unauthenticated attacker to elevate privileges over a network.

Arbitrary Process Execution vulnerability in McAfee Total Protection (MTP) prior to 16.0.30 allows a local user to gain elevated privileges and execute arbitrary code bypassing MTP self-defense.

In multiple locations, there is a possible way to execute code in the launcher process due to an over-privileged shell user. This could lead to local escalation of privilege with no additional execution privileges needed. User interaction is not needed for exploitation.

Printix Secure Cloud Print Management through 1.3.1106.0 incorrectly uses Privileged APIs to modify values in HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE via UITasks.PersistentRegistryData.

Improper privilege management in Microsoft Install Service allows an authorized attacker to elevate privileges locally.

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: ptrace: slightly saner 'get_dumpable()' logic The 'dumpability' of a task is fundamentally about the memory image of the task - the concept comes from whether it can core dump or not - and makes no sense when you don't have an associated mm. And almost all users do in fact use it only for the case where the task has a mm pointer. But we have one odd special case: ptrace_may_access() uses 'dumpable' to check various other things entirely independently of the MM (typically explicitly using flags like PTRACE_MODE_READ_FSCREDS). Including for threads that no longer have a VM (and maybe never did, like most kernel threads). It's not what this flag was designed for, but it is what it is. The ptrace code does check that the uid/gid matches, so you do have to be uid-0 to see kernel thread details, but this means that the traditional "drop capabilities" model doesn't make any difference for this all. Make it all make a *bit* more sense by saying that if you don't have a MM pointer, we'll use a cached "last dumpability" flag if the thread ever had a MM (it will be zero for kernel threads since it is never set), and require a proper CAP_SYS_PTRACE capability to override.

The Kirki – Freeform Page Builder, Website Builder & Customizer plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to privilege escalation via account takeover in all versions 6.0.0 to 6.0.6. This is due to the plugin accepting an arbitrary email address when a username is used in the password reset request. This makes it possible for unauthenticated attackers to send a password reset link for any user registered on the site to their own email address.

The Spectra Gutenberg Blocks – Website Builder for the Block Editor plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to Remote Code Execution in all versions up to, and including, 2.19.25. This makes it possible for authenticated attackers, with Contributor-level access and above, to execute code on the server. Exploitation requires a two-block payload embedded in post content: the first block registers a fake uagb/-prefixed block type with an attacker-specified render_callback, and the second block of the same fake type triggers invocation of that callback via call_user_func() during sequential block rendering in the same page request.

The Advanced Custom Fields: Extended plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to Privilege Escalation via Validation Bypass in all versions up to and including 0.9.2.5. The vulnerability exists due to the after_validate_save_post() function unconditionally trusting the attacker-controlled _acf_post_id POST parameter — with no authentication or integrity verification — to select a cleanup branch that silently discards all validation errors not prefixed with acfe:. This makes it possible for unauthenticated attackers to suppress both the role allow-list validation error added by acfe_field_user_roles::validate_front_value() and the administrator-role capability guard error added by acfe_module_form_action_user::validate_action(), causing wp_insert_user() to execute with an attacker-supplied administrator role argument and resulting in the creation of a new administrator-level user account. Exploitation requires the target site to expose a public ACFE frontend form configured with a Create User action that maps a role field.

The Invoice Generator plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to privilege escalation due to a missing capability check on the pravel_invoice_edit_account() AJAX action in versions up to, and including, 1.0.0. The handler is exposed via wp_ajax_nopriv_pravel_invoice_edit_account, accepts an attacker-controlled user_id and user_email from POST data, and calls wp_update_user() without verifying authentication, ownership, or a nonce. This makes it possible for unauthenticated attackers to change the email address of any user, including administrators, and then trigger WordPress's password reset flow to gain access to the targeted account.

The Easy Elements for Elementor – Addons & Website Templates plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to Privilege Escalation in all versions up to, and including, 1.4.5 via the `easyel_handle_register()` function. This is due to the `wp_ajax_nopriv_eel_register` AJAX handler iterating the attacker-controlled `custom_meta` POST array and writing every supplied key-value pair to the newly created user's meta via `update_user_meta()` without any key whitelist or blocklist, allowing the `wp_capabilities` user meta key to be overwritten after `wp_insert_user()` has already assigned a safe role. This makes it possible for unauthenticated attackers to register a new account with full administrator-level privileges by supplying `custom_meta[wp_capabilities][administrator]=1`. Exploitation requires that user registration is enabled on the site and that at least one page exposes the Login/Register widget, which publishes the required `easy_elements_nonce` into the page DOM where it can be retrieved by any unauthenticated visitor via a simple GET request.

An issue in OPSWAT AppRemover Driver (ardrv.sys) v2017.10.02.1551 and earlier in IOCTL handler 0x2420031. Any local user can open the device and send process termination requests without privilege validation.

Pegatron `Tdelo64.sys` improperly exposes privileged hardware access functionality through the `\\.\TdeIo` device interface. IOCTL handlers including `TDE_IOCTL_INDEXIO_READ` and `TDE_IOCTL_INDEXIO_WRITE` permit unprivileged user-mode callers to perform arbitrary hardware I/O port reads and writes without authorization checks. A local attacker can abuse this functionality to manipulate hardware registers, tamper with firmware-related interfaces, cause system instability, or establish persistent low-level compromise.

An issue in Invixium IXM WEB v.2.3.85.25 allows an attacker to escalate privileges via the /SystemUsers/CreateAppUser components

Improper Privilege Management vulnerability in Apache Syncope. When: * the all-Java user workflow adapter is configured, or * the Flowable user workflow adapter is configured, bearing a BPMN definition not requiring admin approval for user self registration of self update requests the following scenario could happen. A REST API call can allow the user to grant themselves one or more of defined Roles, thus gaining their Entitlements and becoming in fact an administrator; the actual Entitlements gained depend on the Roles that are effectively defined on the specific Syncope deployment. This issue affects Apache Syncope: from 3.0.0-M0 through 3.0.16, from 4.0.0-M0 Through 4.0.6, from 4.1.0-M0 through 4.1.1. Users are recommended to upgrade to version 4.0.7 / 4.1.2, which fix this issue.

containerd is an open-source container runtime. In versions prior to 1.7.32, 2.0.9, 2.2.4 and 2.3.1, containers launched with a numeric User directive that cannot be parsed as a 32-bit integer are incorrectly treated as a username, leading to runAsNonRoot evasion. If a crafted image provides an /etc/passwd file mapping this large numeric string to root, the container ultimately runs as root (UID 0). This allows the Kubernetes runAsNonRoot restriction to be bypassed, causing unexpected behavior for environments that require containers to run as a non-root user. This issue has been fixed in versions 1.7.32, 2.0.9, 2.2.4 and 2.3.1.

An issue in Unistal Systems Pvt. Ltd.Protegent 360 v2.0.0.4 allows a local attacker to escalate privileges via the kernel driver pgsecdl.sys

A security vulnerability has been identified in Acer Care Center where the ACCSvc service creates a Named Pipe with a weak Security Descriptor. This vulnerability allows an authenticated local user to connect and send a specially crafted message (message type 0x03) to the pipe, causing the service to crash with exit code 1067 (ERROR_PROCESS_ABORTED). To mitigate this potential local service disruption, Acer requires users to update the software to the latest version.

An issue in Unistal Systems Pvt. Ltd.Protegent 360 v2.0.0.4 allows a local attacker to escalate privileges via the sub_186f4 function

An issue in Unistal Systems Pvt. Ltd.Protegent 360 v2.0.0.4 allows a local attacker to escalate privileges via the kernel driver pgsecdl.sys

systemd, a system and service manager, (as PID 1) hits an assert and freezes execution when an unprivileged IPC API call is made with spurious data. On version v249 and older the effect is not an assert, but stack overwriting, with the attacker controlled content. From version v250 and newer this is not possible as the safety check causes an assert instead. This IPC call was added in v239, so versions older than that are not affected. Versions 260-rc1, 259.2, 258.5, and 257.11 contain patches. No known workarounds are available.

In multiple locations, there is a possible tapjacking due to a logic error in the code. This could lead to local escalation of privilege with no additional execution privileges needed. User interaction is not needed for exploitation.